В дополнение к статье “Как правильно запоминать неправильные глаголы английского языка” публикую полную схему для запоминания, включающую все неправильные глаголы также разбитые по группам.
Предыдущая статья, посвященная разбивке глаголов на 6 категорий, получила невероятный отклик от читателей моего блога. Спасибо, друзья, за вашу позитивную реакцию, нереальное количество лайков и репостов! Я был потрясен таким фидбэком, решил “копнуть” эту тему поглубже и нашел кое-что достойное вашего внимания.
Рад поделиться с вами своей новой находкой – это полный список неправильных глаголов, разбитый по фонетическим группам. Ниже вы найдете несколько таблиц, содержащих все неправильные глаголы с указанием их принадлежности к той или иной группе.
Если вы знаете глаголы, не вошедшие сюда, сообщите мне об этом. Таблица досталась мне в виде “исходников”, так что я легко смогу ее редактировать и дополнять.
-ew, -a/own; -ore, -orn;
-eed/ead, -ed; -ind, -ound;
-i-, -u-; -a-, -o-; -o-, -e-;
-it, -itten; -id, -idden; -eat, -eatten;
-ell, -allen;
-ook, -aken;
-ed, -oven/owen;
-ay/ake, -ade/aid.
Если это кому-то действительно нужно, пишите в комментариях, я могу разбить этот список для вас, друзья 🙂
Irregular | ||
Infinitive | Past Simple | Past Participle |
backbite | backbit | backbitten |
backslide | backslid | backslidden / backslid |
be [ am, is, are] | was, were | been |
bear | bore | born / borne |
beat | beat | beaten / beat |
become | became | become |
befall | befell | befallen |
behold | beheld | beheld |
betake | betook | betaken |
bid (farewell) | bid / bade | bidden |
bind | bound | bound |
bite | bit | bitten |
bleed | bled | bled |
blow | blew | blown |
breed | bred | bred |
browbeat | browbeat | browbeaten / browbeat |
chide | chided / chid | chided / chidden |
cling | clung | clung |
colorbreed | colorbred | colorbred |
come | came | come |
crossbreed | crossbred | crossbred |
dig | dug | dug |
disprove | disproved | disproved / disproven |
do | did | done |
draw | drew | drawn |
eat | ate | eaten |
enwind | enwound | enwound |
fall | fell | fallen |
feed | fed | fed |
find | found | found |
flee | fled | fled |
fling | flung | flung |
fly | flew | flown |
forbear | forbore | forborne |
forbid | forbade | forbidden |
fordo | fordid | fordone |
forego (also forgo) | forewent | foregone |
foreknow | foreknew | foreknown |
foresee | foresaw | foreseen |
foreshow | foreshowed | foreshown / foreshowed |
foretell | foretold | foretold |
forgive | forgave | forgiven |
forsake | forsook | forsaken |
forswear | forswore | forsworn |
frostbite | frostbit | frostbitten |
gainsay | gainsaid | gainsaid |
give | gave | given |
go | went | gone |
grind | ground | ground |
grow | grew | grown |
hamstring | hamstrung | hamstrung |
hand-feed | hand-fed | hand-fed |
hang | hung | hung |
hang (kill by hanging) | hanged / hung | hanged / hung |
have | had | had |
hear | heard | heard |
hide | hid | hidden |
hold | held | held |
inbreed | inbred | inbred |
inlay | inlaid | inlaid |
interbreed | interbred | interbred |
interlay | interlaid | interlaid |
interwind | interwound | interwound |
know | knew | known |
lade | laded | laden / laded |
landslide | landslid | landslid |
lay | laid | laid |
lead | led | led |
lie | lay | lain |
lie (not tell truth) | lied | lied |
make | made | made |
meet | met | met |
misbecome | misbecame | misbecome |
misdo | misdid | misdone |
mishear | misheard | misheard |
mislay | mislaid | mislaid |
mislead | misled | misled |
missay | missaid | missaid |
misswear | misswore | missworn |
mistake | mistook | mistaken |
mistell | mistold | mistold |
misunderstand | misunderstood | misunderstood |
miswear | miswore | misworn |
outbreed | outbred | outbred |
outdo | outdid | outdone |
outdraw | outdrew | outdrawn |
outfly | outflew | outflown |
outgrow | outgrew | outgrown |
outlay | outlaid | outlaid |
outsee | outsaw | outseen |
outsell | outsold | outsold |
outshoot | outshot | outshot |
outsit | outsat | outsat |
outspeed | outsped | outsped |
outspin | outspun | outspun |
outstand | outstood | outstood |
outswear | outswore | outsworn |
outtell | outtold | outtold |
outthrow | outthrew | outthrown |
outwear | outwore | outworn |
outwind | outwound | outwound |
overbear | overbore | overborne / overborn |
overbreed | overbred | overbred |
overcome | overcame | overcome |
overdo | overdid | overdone |
overdraw | overdrew | overdrawn |
overeat | overate | overeaten |
overfeed | overfed | overfed |
overhang | overhung | overhung |
overhear | overheard | overheard |
overlay | overlaid | overlaid |
overlie | overlay | overlain |
overpay | overpaid | overpaid |
oversee | oversaw | overseen |
oversell | oversold | oversold |
overshoot | overshot | overshot |
oversow | oversowed | oversown / oversowed |
overspin | overspun | overspun |
overstand | overstood | overstood |
overstrike | overstruck | overstruck |
overtake | overtook | overtaken |
overthrow | overthrew | overthrown |
overwear | overwore | overworn |
overwind | overwound | overwound |
partake | partook | partaken |
pay | paid | paid |
predo | predid | predone |
premake | premade | premade |
prepay | prepaid | prepaid |
presell | presold | presold |
prove | proved | proven / proved |
read | read (sounds like red) | read (sounds like red) |
rebind | rebound | rebound |
redo | redid | redone |
redraw | redrew | redrawn |
regrind | reground | reground |
regrow | regrew | regrown |
rehang | rehung | rehung |
rehear | reheard | reheard |
relay (e.g. tiles) | relaid | relaid |
remake | remade | remade |
repay | repaid | repaid |
resell | resold | resold |
retake | retook | retaken |
retear | retore | retorn |
retell | retold | retold |
rewear | rewore | reworn |
rewin | rewon | rewon |
rewind | rewound | rewound |
rive | rived | riven / rived |
say | said | said |
see | saw | seen |
self-feed | self-fed | self-fed |
self-sow | self-sowed | self-sown / self-sowed |
sell | sold | sold |
shake | shook | shaken |
shave | shaved | shaved / shaven |
shear | sheared | sheared / shorn |
shoot | shot | shot |
show | showed | shown / showed |
sit | sat | sat |
slay (to kill) | slew / slayed | slain / slayed |
slide | slid | slid |
sling | slung | slung |
sow | sowed | sown / sowed |
spin | spun | spun |
spoon-feed | spoon-fed | spoon-fed |
stall-feed | stall-fed | stall-fed |
stand | stood | stood |
stick | stuck | stuck |
sting | stung | stung |
strike (to delete) | struck | stricken |
strike (to hit) | struck | struck / stricken |
string | strung | strung |
swear | swore | sworn |
swell | swelled | swollen / swelled |
swing | swung | swung |
take | took | taken |
tear | tore | torn |
tell | told | told |
test-fly | test-flew | test-flown |
throw | threw | thrown |
troubleshoot | troubleshot | troubleshot |
unbear | unbore | unborn / unborne |
unbind | unbound | unbound |
underfeed | underfed | underfed |
undergo | underwent | undergone |
underlay | underlaid | underlaid |
underlie | underlay | underlain |
undersell | undersold | undersold |
undershoot | undershot | undershot |
understand | understood | understood |
undertake | undertook | undertaken |
undo | undid | undone |
undraw | undrew | undrawn |
unhang | unhung | unhung |
unhide | unhid | unhidden |
unhold | unheld | unheld |
unlade | unladed | unladen / unladed |
unlay | unlaid | unlaid |
unmake | unmade | unmade |
unsay | unsaid | unsaid |
unsling | unslung | unslung |
unspin | unspun | unspun |
unstick | unstuck | unstuck |
unstring | unstrung | unstrung |
unswear | unswore | unsworn |
unwind | unwound | unwound |
uphold | upheld | upheld |
waylay | waylaid | waylaid |
wear | wore | worn |
win | won | won |
wind | wound | wound |
withdraw | withdrew | withdrawn |
withhold | withheld | withheld |
withstand | withstood | withstood |
wring | wrung | wrung |
Эволюция английского, как и любого другого языка, идет по пути постепенного упрощения, поэтому многие вещи, которые еще несколько лет назад были недопустимы, в наше время вполне приемлемы. Тем не менее, если вы хотите идеального английского, знание этих форм вам также необходимо. Поэтому я публикую их здесь.
Obsolete irregular verbs | ||
Infinitive | Past Simple | Past Participle |
abide | abided / abode | abided |
alight | alighted / alit | alighted / alit |
bereave | bereaved / bereft | bereaved / bereft |
beseech | besought / beseeched | besought / beseeched |
bestrew | bestrewed | bestrewn / bestrewed |
broadcast | broadcast / broadcasted | broadcast / broadcasted |
bust | busted / bust | busted / bust |
dare | dared / durst | dared / durst |
daydream | daydreamed / daydreamt | daydreamed / daydreamt |
dight | dighted / dight | dighted / dight |
dive (jump head-first) | dove / dived | dived |
dive (scuba diving) | dived / dove | dived |
dream | dreamed / dreamt | dreamed / dreamt |
dwell | dwelt / dwelled | dwelt / dwelled |
fit (tailor, change size) | fitted / fit | fitted / fit |
gild | gilded / gilt | gilded / gilt |
heave | heaved / hove | heaved / hove |
hew | hewed | hewn / hewed |
input | input / inputted | input / inputted |
interweave | interwove / interweaved | interwoven / interweaved |
inweave | inwove / inweaved | inwoven / inweaved |
kneel | knelt / kneeled | knelt / kneeled |
knit | knitted / knit | knitted / knit |
light | lit / lighted | lit / lighted |
miswed | miswed / miswedded | miswed / miswedded |
mow | mowed | mowed / mown |
outlie (not tell truth) | outlied | outlied |
output | output / outputted | output / outputted |
outshine | outshined / outshone | outshined / outshone |
outsmell | outsmelled / outsmelt | outsmelled / outsmelt |
oversew | oversewed | oversewn / oversewed |
overstrew | overstrewed | overstrewn / overstrewed |
plead | pleaded / pled | pleaded / pled |
quit | quit / quitted | quit / quitted |
rebroadcast | rebroadcast / rebroadcasted | rebroadcast / rebroadcasted |
reeve | reeved / rove | reeved / rove |
refit (retailor) | refitted / refit | refitted / refit |
reknit | reknitted / reknit | reknitted / reknit |
relay (to pass along) | relayed | relayed |
relight | relit / relighted | relit / relighted |
rend | rent / rended | rent / rended |
resew | resewed | resewn / resewed |
retrofit | retrofitted / retrofit | retrofitted / retrofit |
reweave | rewove / reweaved | rewoven / reweaved |
rewed | rewed / rewedded | rewed / rewedded |
rewet | rewet / rewetted | rewet / rewetted |
saw | sawed | sawed / sawn |
sew | sewed | sewn / sewed |
shine | shined / shone | shined / shone |
shit | shit / shat / shitted | shit / shat / shitted |
shoe | shoed / shod | shoed / shod |
slay (to amuse) | slayed | slayed |
slink | slinked / slunk | slinked / slunk |
sneak | sneaked / snuck | sneaked / snuck |
speed | sped / speeded | sped / speeded |
stave | staved / stove | staved / stove |
strew | strewed | strewn / strewed |
strive | strove / strived | striven / strived |
sweat | sweat / sweated | sweat / sweated |
thrive | thrived / throve | thrived / thriven |
unclothe | unclothed / unclad | unclothed / unclad |
unknit | unknitted / unknit | unknitted / unknit |
unlead | unleaded | unleaded |
unreeve | unreeved / unrove | unreeved / unrove |
unsew | unsewed | unsewn / unsewed |
unweave | unwove / unweaved | unwoven / unweaved |
vex | vexed / vext | vexed / vext |
wake | woke / waked | woken / waked |
weave | wove / weaved | woven / weaved |
wed | wed / wedded | wed / wedded |
wet | wet / wetted | wet / wetted |
whet | whetted | whetted |
До скорого,
Алекс Ч.
P.S. Спасибо всем, кто откликнулся на предыдущую статью. Я рад, что вам этот материал пришелся по вкусу. Сохраняйте себе и этот список, надеюсь он сослужит вам хорошую службу и как справочник, и в качестве руководства по легкому запоминанию неправильных глаголов.